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In 1992, the Mongolian Civil Conflict occurred, between monarchist [[White Mongolians (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|”White” Mongolians]] – those who wanted to remain a Russian ally, under a Bogd Khanate and “Red” Mongolians, those who wanted to become a republic.However, the Reds ended up winning, and a 1993 Constitutional Crisis resulted in the banning of all monarchist groups in Mongolia.This also led to the banning of Russian language in the public.
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In 1992, the Mongolian Civil Conflict occurred, between monarchist [[White Mongolians (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|”White” Mongolians]] – those who wanted to remain a Russian ally, under a Bogd Khanate and “Red” Mongolians, those who wanted to become a republic.However, the Reds ended up winning, and a 1993 Constitutional Crisis resulted in the banning of all monarchist groups in Mongolia.This also led to the banning of Russian language in the public.
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Bu He, an ethnic Mongol who served as the Chairman of Inner Mongolia, would be considered the leader of independent Inner Mongolia.Both Bu He and Lee Teng-hui approached General Ganbold, who was actually quite shocked nonetheless, to which President Teng-hui promised the new Mongol states prosperity if they entered the Chinese sphere of influence.
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This only caused further Russian reactions and irritations, in which authorities declared a light form of martial law in Buryatia.General Ganbold feared that Chairman Bu He may not so-easily be content with giving up power to a superior figure.
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President Lee Teng-hui soon offered in another pitch, that the Chinese would recognize Mongolia’s claims over Buryatia, and brought up the issue that Inner Mongolia possessed the Classical Mongolian script, accusing the Russians of cultural genocide.
Both General Ganbold and Chairman Bu He could not resist, and now, Russian Foreign Minister [[Wolfgang Rasskazov (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Wolfgang Rasskazov]] and Procurator-General Yuri Shaposnikov knew that [[Russia (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russia]] was going to have problems with Mongolia falling into the hands of a neighboring and bordering enemy superpower.
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Therefore, in his bid to prevent Mongolia from joining hands with China, Rasskazov granted Outer Mongolia its independence.
Governor-General Ganbold was brutal in his treatment of the Russians, in while he didn’t murder them, carried confiscations of Russian-owned properties in Mongolia, and sent the Russians packing without much.
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Therefore, in his bid to prevent Mongolia from joining hands with China, Rasskazov granted Outer Mongolia its independence.Governor-General Ganbold was brutal in his treatment of the Russians, in while he didn’t murder them, carried confiscations of Russian-owned properties in Mongolia, and sent the Russians packing without much.
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After the fall of the Second Russian Empire, and its diminishment in global influence, Mongolia remained socially torn apart between pro-Russian [[White Mongolians (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|White Mongolians]] and pro-Chinese Red Mongolians.
Clearly, with [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]] posing a threat to the United States and [[Russian Empire (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russia]]’s global hegemony, [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]] clearly had the advantage, and was beginning to show its economic advantages in Mongolia.In the modern-day, despite being a Chinese ally on paper, the Mongolian government has been making strides in developing into a neutral state, and acting as a balance between [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]] and the [[Russian Empire (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russian Empire]].
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After the fall of the Second Russian Empire, and its diminishment in global influence, Mongolia remained socially torn apart between pro-Russian [[White Mongolians (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|White Mongolians]] and pro-Chinese Red Mongolians.
Clearly, with [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]] posing a threat to the United States and [[Russian Empire (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russia]]’s global hegemony, [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]] clearly had the advantage, and was beginning to show its economic advantages in Mongolia.In the modern-day, despite being a Chinese ally on paper, the Mongolian government has been making strides in developing into a neutral state, and acting as a balance between [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]] and the [[Russian Empire (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russian Empire]].
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=== Liberalization and Age of Progress 1999-present ===
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|[⚫](#movedpara_4_0_lhs) [Falling under the influence of both the [[Russian Empire (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russian Empire]] and [[China (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|China]], strengthened the Mongolian economy to levels never-before seen in the country.Mongolia also fomented strong economic ties with Japan, Korea, as well ASEAN, increasing its tobacco exports to Southeast Asia.Chinese leaders proposed that Mongolia, Japan and Korea should enter in a pan-Asian alliance, to combat [[Russian Empire (World of Imperial Russian Glory)|Russia]] and the United States’ influence in the Asia-Pacific.]
Latest revision as of 06:53, 4 March 2023
Official languages Demonym Government [Population](/wiki/Population) Currency
OT equivalent: Republic of Mongolia, parts of Inner Mongolia
The Republic of Mongolia (Traditional Mongolian:
, Cyrillic: Монгол Улс, Mongol Uls; Russian: Республика Монголия, Respublika Mongoliya) or Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia.
It is sandwiched between the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russia_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) to the north and [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) to the south, where it neighbors China’s Inner Mongolia region, although they are separated by only 37 kilometres (23 miles).Mongolia is the world’s largest landlocked country that does not border a closed sea, and contains very little arable land, as much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south.
The territory of modern-day Mongolia has been ruled by various nomadic empires, including the Xiongnu, the Xianbei, the Rouran, the First Turkic Khaganate, and others.In 1206, Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous land empire in history.His grandson Kublai Khan conquered China to establish the Yuan dynasty.After the collapse of the Yuan, the Mongols retreated to Mongolia and resumed their earlier pattern of factional conflict, except during the era of Dayan Khan and Tumen Zasagt Khan.
In the 16th century, Tibetan Buddhism spread to Mongolia, being further led by the Manchu-founded Qing dynasty, which absorbed the country in the 17th century.By the early 20th century, almost one-third of the adult male population were Buddhist monks.After the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1911, Mongolia declared independence, and achieved actual independence from the Republic of China in 1921.After the Bolsheviks gradually lost control of
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) (leading to their ultimate downfall), Mongolia became a haven for Bolshevik emigres, before Russian and Chinese forces hunted them down, and Mongolia again, came under Chinese rule.
In the 1930s, ultranationalist Mirdiddodjin Naran, who proclaimed himself the Khan of Mongolia, restored the Bogd Khaganate, and allied with Japan and the Axis, before its defeat the hands of the Allies in 1944, and the subsequent Mongolia Partition between
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) in 1945, the Bogd Khaganate became an autonomous Grand Principality-level administration within [Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), and Inner Mongolia became part of [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
After pro-independence revolutions of 1989, let by Davaadorjiin Ganbold, the last Russian Governor-General of Mongolia, Mongolia was granted its independence by Russia.In 1990, as a ploy to get Mongolia to join China’s growing sphere of influence, the Republic of China granted Inner Mongolia its independence, in a global shell-shocker, resulting in the Mongolian Reunification.
Approximately 30% of the population is nomadic or semi-nomadic; horse culture remains integral.Buddhism is the majority religion, with the nonreligious being the second-largest group.Mongolian Orthodox and Islam are both nearly in parity for the second-largest religion, with Islam being concentrated among ethnic Kazakhs, and Mongolian Orthodox among ethnic Mongols who inhabit northern Mongolia, the areas formerly under Russian rule.
History
During the Russian Civil War,
[Baron Nikolai “Roman” von Ungern-Sternberg](/wiki/Roman_von_Ungern-Sternberg_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and Ataman Grigory Semyonov both led White forces in an attempt to re-establish the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia.
Roman proclaimed to have descent from the Khans of old, and declared himself as the Bogd Khan of Mongolia.However, thanks to idiotic decisions by Roman, as well as the Asiatic Cavalry Division and General Boris Pavlovich Rezhukin turning on him, Roman fled to Kharbin, in China where he was imprisoned by the Kuomintang.
Due to the disgust and hatred that the fellow and victorious White Russians felt against Roman, the White Russian state, which had defeated the Bolsheviks in the civil war, did not bother to restore the Bogd Khanate, with
[Baron Pyotr Wrangel](/wiki/Pyotr_Wrangel_(Concert_of_World_Powers)) stating he would only do so, if a legitimate Bogd Khan was crowned according to Tibetan Buddhist rites.
Red-sympathizing forces led by Damdin Sukhbaatar soon wrestled Mongolia, away from both
[China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and White Russia.
Great Mongol Ulus – 1933-1944
In 1925, Mirdiddodjin Naran became the Secretary General of the Communist Party of Mongolia, the country became the world’s only constitutionally socialist state.
Bolshevik leaders in Mongolia taught industrialization and state nationalizing of Mongolia’s natural resources.
Mongolia thus, became aligned with the Russian SFSR, but could do little, because of what a weak nation it was.
Naran eventually began to mimick OTL Hitler, proclaimed that the Mongolian peoples were tired of constantly being slaves to foreign powers such as
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).This, Naran abandoned true communist ideology, and envisioned a resurgent Golden Horde where the “Sons of Altai”, namely the Mongolic and Turkic peoples could rule together, free of foreign oppression.
Thus, the “New Heavenly Horde” (OT equivalent: Brown Shirts, Mongolian:
,” target=”_blank”>https://crypto247.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/trendomatic/New_Heavenly_Horde.png/revision/latest?cb=20220625183044″>, Shine Tengerleg Ord) or the STO, began to usurp their power across Mongolia, however unlike the Brown Shirts of our OTL, the STO used ex-communists, and even Bolsheviks to help bring Naran to power.
Eventually in 1935, Naran disbanded the Communist Party of Mongolia, proclaimed himself the 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, and thus, the Bogd Khan of Mongolia.He offered Russian Bolsheviks the option to serve in the armies of the New Heavenly Horde, and in turn, form puppet states as in the Mongol Empire of old.However, the Khan made it clear that they would have to abandon communism, as he himself, became avidly anti-communist and developed a hatred against communists.
Khan Naran had attempted to form a Eurasian-influenced alliance with
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), and had frequented of the close history between the Mongolic and Russian peoples.
Contrary to what the exiled [Baron Ungern](/wiki/Roman_von_Ungern-Sternberg_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) had hoped for, the Khan did not bother to re-contact [Baron Ungern](/wiki/Roman_von_Ungern-Sternberg_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
In his tenure as the ruler of Mongolia, Khan Naran became the Asian Hitler, and a counter to Japan’s aspirations, was able to conquer Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang and parts of Manchuria, and also led an invasion of Russia via Buryatia – in an attempt to unite the Mongols, up until Mongolian aspirations clashed with that of ally Imperial Japan in 1943, causing the Great Mongol State to collapse under the weight of a joint Russian-Chinese war effort.
Russian rule – 1944-1989
[Main article: Governorate of Outer Mongolia](/wiki/Outer_Mongolia_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory))
After the Second World War, the former Great Mongol Ulus was divided into a Russian-ruled Outer Mongolia and a Chinese-ruled Inner Mongolia.
Along with the former Manchukuo, both Outer Mongolia and Manchuria were incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Manchuria and Khalkha.Outer Mongolia was recognized by the name Khalkha, as the name Mongolia as the Russians felt, would encourage pan-Mongolist rebellion.
Under Russian rule, although Outer Mongolia/Khalkha enjoyed great autonomy, Mongolian was taught first in public schools, and the usage of the Bogd Khan title was even allowed, in service to the Tsar.Outer Mongolia’s Senate and Assembly were respectively known as the High and Low Khurultai.
However, in a mirror situation as in Manchuria, Outer Mongolia experienced quasi-assimilation.The Cyrillic script became the official used for the Mongolian language, and Russian authorities once-more, continued the practice of using Orthodox Christianity to establish elite pro-Russian native Mongol communities.
In addition, native Mongolians were also known by the Russian naming system.
Integration into a Principality with Buryatia and Tuvan
When some of Grigory Semyonov’s descendants returned to
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), at this point, having been Japonified, the Russian Senate finally opened up to the idea of uniting the Mongolic states under a single principality.At this point, the Russians re-allowed for the re-introduction of the Mongolia name.This led to the formation of the Principality of Buryatia and Khalkha, and was alternatively known as the United Mongol Principality (Russian: Объединенное Монгольское княжество) under the constitutional rule of the Semyonovs.Relations between Buryats and Khalkhas however, were not the best, with the Khalkhas proclaiming themselves to be the rightful homebase for Mongol rule.
The Autonomous Mongolian Forces (Russian: Автономные монгольские силы, Avtonomnyye mongol’skiye sily; Mongolian: Автономит Монголын хүч, Avtonomit Mongolyn khüch), known by the Russian acronym AMS, and the Mongolian acronym AMK, known as the Righteous Horde (Mongolian: Зөв шударга Орд, Russian: Праведная Орда) functioned as the official autonomous fighting branch of the Imperial Russian military operating within the Grand Duchy.
The Horde-Banner Legions, was a combined force of Manchu and Mongolic peoples in the Russian military.These branches of the Russian military was involved in many operations, namely in the
[Russo-Chinese conflict](/wiki/Russo-Chinese_conflict_(World_of_Kings_and_Queens)) and even overseas Russian operations.
Mongol Revolution – 1980
In 1979, Davaadorjiin Ganbold (Ganbold Davayadozhov) became elected Governor-General with Jambyn Batmönkh (Batmunk Dzhambov) as his Prime Minister.From the time-period in between 1980 and 1985, Ganbold and Batmönkh waged the “Silent Revolution” (Mongolian Cyrillic: Чимээгүй хувьсгал, Chimeegüi khuvisgal), in which ethnic Mongols would study at elite Russian schools, and take over the elite positions in Outer Mongolia without any mention of a “revolution”.
In 1983, Russian authorities had noticed that General Ganbold was taking independent courses, and attempting to portray Russians in a negative light.In 1986, a new crypto-currency, the togrog, was being circulated around Mongolia, and being used alongside the ruble, which when Russian authorities discovered, ordered police action.However, both General Ganbold and Head Minister Batmönkh disobeyed all of Moscow’s orders, and continued to act on their own.
By 1987, General Ganbold had enough, took full control of the Autonomous Mongolian Battalions, and re-named it the Mongolian Army.
Ganbold ordered the Mongolian Army to shoot at Russian authorities and police, based completely on ethnic lines, beginning the exodus of ethnic Russians from Outer Mongolia, thus beginning the “Loud Revolution”.They were opposed to by the monarchist
[White Mongolians](/wiki/White_Mongolians_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) (Mongolian: Цагаан Монголчууд), who to remain Russian-aligned.
Buryatia however, was a lot harder to get by for the pan-Mongol forces, as it was a Tsarist stronghold.The
[White Mongolians](/wiki/White_Mongolians_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) retreated into Buryatia, where they joined pro-Russian Mongolic paramiltaries.
The Principality of Buryatia remained Russian territory.
Minister Batmönkh ordered banks in Outer Mongolia to use the togrog, and by 1988, the Russian flag was taken down from the Khurultai Complex in Urga, and Urga de facto re-named Ulaanbaatar.Shootouts had occurred between local Mongolian police and military units, and that of other Russian military units.
Independence of Outer Mongolia – 1989
In 1989, the independent Governorate-General of Outer Mongolia (Mongolian: Гадаад Монголын захирагч, Russian: Генерал-губернаторство Внешней Монголии) was established.It was recognized by the United States,
[China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), Japan and other foreign entities.
Chinese leaders paid attention to the 1989 Mongolian Revolution, that ultimately ended Russian rule in Outer Mongolia.Governor-General Davaadorjiin Ganbold had already begun hiring people from Inner Mongolia to assist in the transition from Cyrillic to Traditional Mongolia as the national alphabet.
President Teng-hui was one of the first to recognize Mongolian independence, and made his own shell-shocking decision, to allow the Mongols of China their own state, possibly to unite with the Mongol state under Davaadorjiin Ganbold, who was actually not quite aware of the Inner Mongolia situation.
Mongolian Civil War
Life in post-independence Mongolia was very politically tumultuous in the beginning, yet, since most of the population was sparse, and was already familiar with survival tactics, much of the population remained indifferent despite the magnified news coverage in
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).As a result, during the Tumultuous 1990s, Mongolia remained the least-effected, with disputes limited to sporadic street clashes in the streets.
In 1992, the Mongolian Civil Conflict occurred, between monarchist
[“White” Mongolians](/wiki/White_Mongolians_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) – those who wanted to remain a Russian ally, under a Bogd Khanate and “Red” Mongolians, those who wanted to become a republic.However, the Reds ended up winning, and a 1993 Constitutional Crisis resulted in the banning of all monarchist groups in Mongolia.This also led to the banning of Russian language in the public.
Therefore, in his bid to prevent Mongolia from joining hands with China, Rasskazov granted Outer Mongolia its independence.Governor-General Ganbold was brutal in his treatment of the Russians, in while he didn’t murder them, carried confiscations of Russian-owned properties in Mongolia, and sent the Russians packing without much.
In addition, followed the destruction of Russian-style communities in Mongolia, which, by this point, had become emptied out, while General Ganbold ordered them to be replaced with traditional Oriental-style architecture.
After the fall of the Second Russian Empire, and its diminishment in global influence, Mongolia remained socially torn apart between pro-Russian
[White Mongolians](/wiki/White_Mongolians_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and pro-Chinese Red Mongolians.Clearly, with [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) posing a threat to the United States and [Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory))’s global hegemony, [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) clearly had the advantage, and was beginning to show its economic advantages in Mongolia.In the modern-day, despite being a Chinese ally on paper, the Mongolian government has been making strides in developing into a neutral state, and acting as a balance between [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
Liberalization and Age of Progress 1999-present
In 1999, President Ganbold was overthrow in a military coup and placed on house arrest.The first-such true democratic elections were held, in which Chinuajin Ulagan won the Parliamentary elections.
As the Mongolian president, Ulagan undid Ganbold’s policies, and openly criticized Ganbold as being a madman an a tyrant.
He resumed trade and political relations with
[Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), and stopped persecution of the [Mongolian Orthodox Church](/wiki/Mongolian_Orthodox_Church_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).He also unbanned [White Mongolians](/wiki/White_Mongolians_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), and ended the Russo-Mongolian Conflict.
Falling under the influence of both the
[Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), strengthened the Mongolian economy to levels never-before seen in the country.Mongolia also fomented strong economic ties with Japan, Korea, as well ASEAN, increasing its tobacco exports to Southeast Asia.Chinese leaders proposed that Mongolia, Japan and Korea should enter in a pan-Asian alliance, to combat [Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and the United States’ influence in the Asia-Pacific.
Pan-Asian Awakening
In 2010, the Pan-Asian Awakening was starting take hold in the East Asian countries, Mongolia emerging as no exception.The victory of Korea’s first Cheondoist prime minister influenced the victory of Mongolia’s first Tengrist president, Enkhjargalynn Baterdene.During this time, came a golden age of relations between the East Asian countries, and President Batardene led Mongolia to another era of economic prosperity.
However, President Batardene raised lots of controversy as well, when he made seemingly pro-Japanese statements, and sympathized with Japan on the 2012 Anniversary of World War II.He became regarded as a much more successful counterpart to
[Davaadorjin Ganbold](/wiki/Davaadorjiin_Ganbold_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
Like Korea’s Cheondoist prime minister, Taewoong Kyung and China’s first Falun Gong president, Li Hongzhi, Mongolia experienced a golden age, its largest golden age in relations with its other East Asian neighbors.
The Russians feared that Mongolia would eventually, enter the Shanghai Pact – though this did not happen.Both Mongolia and
[Korea](/wiki/Korea_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) retained their political status quo, with Korea remaining part of Russia’s political orbit, and Mongolia retaining its neutrality between [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and [Russia](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
Economy
The togrog is Mongolia’s official currency.
Despite its sparse population, the Mongolian economy is conside red one of the most-improved of the developing economies – but given to the fact that most of its land is not arable, Mongolia economic success is owed to its high dependence on the surrounding nations, with most successful middle to high income Mongolians earning their fortune and wealth overseas.In 2015, it officially was no longer a developing economy.The Mongolian economy is reliant on: gold, tin, copper, timber, coal, tobacco and livestock.Mongolia is currently one of Asia’s largest-producers of tobacco products, and during its days as as a Russian duchy, Mongolia provided the
[Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) with much tobacco product output.At this moment in time, [China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and Japan are one of the largest importers of Mongolian tobacco products.
Livestock and dairy products are also staples of Mongolia’s economy, exporting 47% of
[China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and Japan’s dairy and livestock products.Royal Wrangel Metals still operates in Mongolia, under a deal between Prince Louis I Petrovich (owner of Royal Wrangel Industries) and the Mongolian government, to hire Mongolians over Russians.
Ever since joining the North Asian Economic Alliance, Mongolia’s economy has significantly improved, successfully exporting its products to not only
[China](/wiki/China_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and Japan, but also other nations worldwide.Beginning in the 2000s, Mongolian food products had begun to appear worldwide in overseas Asian supermarkets.
Sports
Horseback riding, wrestling and archery are the three most popular sports in Mongolia.Along with
[Ukraine](/wiki/Ukraine_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), [Texas](/wiki/Texas_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), [Mexico](/wiki/Mexico_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), Canada, the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), the Philippines and Ireland, Mongolia forms part of the World Equestrian Federation.
It is currently one of three countries in Asia that is part of the WEF.A top-competitor, Mongolia has produced four WEF Gold Champions.
As for wrestling, Mongolia has its own indigenous-style type of wrestling.However, many Mongolians have become sumo wrestlers, and have competed in Japan under Japanese traditions, taking on Japanese titles and names.Mongolia is also part of the World Sumo Federation, along with Japan, Hawaii,
[Texas](/wiki/Texas_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)) and the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
Mongolia has also emerged as a dominant in sumo wrestling, producing a total of four yokozunas.
Language
Currently, Standard Mongolian, the national dialect of the Oirat language, is Mongolia’s national language.Additionally, Kazakh and Chuvash are also spoken by the Kazakh and Chuvash living in Mongolia.It was known as the “Khalkha language” during Russian rule and its designation was changed to Mongolian after independence.However outside, Khalkha was still referred to as Mongolian, and is also a local official language in China’s Inner Mongolia, where it faces endangerment as many natives of Inner Mongolia are becoming assimilated into Mandarin.
Currently, Mongolian script is the official de jure script, legalized in 1992 and is now the standard required for people to learn.
Mongolian Cyrillic is still used, mostly to ease the transition from Cyrillic to Classical Mongolian, but there are efforts by the government to fully replace it by Classical Mongolian script.Today, Classical script has become quite successful, with 39.5% of Mongolians stating being able to read and write in Classical Mongolian.
As northern Mongolia was part of the
[Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), many Mongolians are also fluent in Russian, which are both offered as optional auxiliaries in schools.
It is very widely-spoken, as Mongolians have strong economic ties to the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)), and with Mongolic-speaking communities in the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory)).
When Mongolia first became independent, both Mongolian and Russian were used, however after the victory of the Reds over the Whites in the Mongolian Civil War, Russian was stripped from any official recognition, and all Russian-language signage was replaced with all-Mongolian.However, after Mongolia’s response to China’s invasion of Southeast Asia, the Mongolian government recalled all of its troops, and many northern Mongolian cities and provinces re-instated Russian as a co-official language, as a political move and gesture back into the [Russian Empire](/wiki/Russian_Empire_(World_of_Imperial_Russian_Glory))’s sphere of orbit..
